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Most berths are alongside a quay or a jetty (large ports) or a floating dock (small harbors and marinas).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berth_(moorings)

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Port-side berthing
A bow thruster can be used to position the bow with a degree of precision, however, bow thrust will not help to control the stern. Transverse thrust can be used to bring the stern of small ships alongside. However, on a larger ship that is not fitted with a stern thruster, a tug can be secured aft to control the stern while bow thrust is used to control the bow.

https://www.standard-club.com/media/24148/AMastersGuidetoBer...

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Note added at 17 mins (2021-01-27 20:13:56 GMT)
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Berthing the ship

As the master closes the berth, he does not try to bring the ship directly alongside the berth, but plans to bring the ship parallel to the berth and stop just short of the berthing position, clear of the forward and aft ships (if there are any). It is normally one ship’s breadth distance between the ship and the berth.

https://www.marineinsight.com/guidelines/a-detailed-explanat...

Docking and mooring are often confused as they coincide up to a certain point. By docking your boat, you practically sail until you reach a fixed structure that allows you to get out on the land. This structure is called a dock and your boat is fastened to it.

Berthing means placing your vessel in the fixed location known as a berth. To make it easier to understand, imagine that the berth is basically your boat’s parking place. Berthing refers to the whole process of maneuvering your boat until it is secured in the fixed position in its berth. Therefore, we can say that berthing your boat means parking it in a designated area.

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1. How to Berth
Berthing refers to the process of mooring the boat in the designated places called boat berths. In simple words, when you’re berthing your boat, you’re ‘parking’ it in the allocated berth. There are few steps to take into account before and while berthing.

Firstly, no matter where you book berths, it’s always recommended to call before you arrive at the harbor. The marina’s staff will tell you exactly where your berthing place is, so that you will know where to head to and whether you should enter the port by coming in bow or stern.

Then, before you enter the port, you should get ready to berth by putting the fenders out of the boat and preparing your lines. You should have minimum four lines: for the stern, the bow and the two midship lines.

As you approach your boat berth, you should slow down so that you can fit the vessel into the designated space and then stop it so that you can moor it.

2. How to Moor
Boat mooring means tying a boat so that it is secured in a determined place. The art of mooring is one of the basic skills you will learn as a sailor. There are different ways of mooring as you can moor your boat by using a buoy, a dock or the sea bottom.

https://www.marinareservation.com/articles/mooring-docking-a...